Tytuł English semantic loans, loan translations, and loan renditions in informal Polish of computer users Autor Marcin Zabawa Język angielski Wydawnictwo Uniwersytet Śląski ISBN 978-83-226-3073-0 Rok wydania 2017 Katowice ilość stron 374 Format pdf Spis treści Table of contents
Introduction / 9
Chapter1: Electronic varieties: Internet communication and Internet forums / 13
1.1 Introduction / 13
1.2 Language variation: Register, dialect, sociolect, genre, and style / 14
1.2.1 Definitions of the terms / 14
1.2.2 Components of register description / 16
1.3 The notion of Internet language and Internet communication / 18
1.3.1 Types of Internet communication / 18
1.3.2 General features of Internet language / 19
1.3.3 Linguistic features of Internet communication / 22
1.4 Situational description of Internet forums / 25
1.5 Concluding comments / 28
Chapter 2: Semantic loans, loan translations, and loan renditions: Theoretical considerations / 29
2.1 Introduction / 29
2.2 Semantic loans: Theoretical aspects / 30
2.2.1 Introductory comments /30
2.2.2 Semantic loans and semantic neologisms: Definitions and general characteristics / 30
2.2.3 Semantic loans: Examples of terminological confusion / 35
2.2.4 Semantic loans: Types of semantic change according to the direction of the semantic modification / 37
2.2.5 Semantic loans: Types of semantic change according to the składnik Affected / 39
2.2.6 The influence of semantic loans on the existing system / 40
2.3 Loan translations: Theoretical aspects / 42
2.3.1 Introductory comments / 42
2.3.2 Loan translations: Definitions / 43
2.3.3 Loan translations: Classification / 45
2.4 Problems connected with the identification of semantic loans and loan Translations / 50
2.4.1 Introductory comments / 50
2.4.2 Distinguishing between semantic loans and native semantic innovations / 51
2.4.3 Distinguishing between semantic loans and lexical re-borrowings / 54
2.4.4 Distinguishing between loan translations and native phrasal innovations / 56
2.4.5 Distinguishing between semantic loans and loan translations / 59
2.4.6 Distinguishing between loan translations and loan renditions / 63
2.4.7 The status of loan creations / 66
2.4.8 Distinguishing between loanblends (semi-calques) and hybrids /67
2.4.9 Distinguishing between loan translations or loanblends and lexical borrowings / 69
2.5 The emergence of semantic loans and loan translations / 70
2.6 The reasons for introducing semantic loans and loan translations / 73
2.7 Normative assessment of semantic loans and loan translations / 77
2.8 English semantic loans and loan translations in Polish / 80
2.8.1 General observations / 80
2.8.2 English semantic loans and loan translations in Polish: Literature review / 82
2.9 English semantic loans and loan translations in the Polish language of computer science / 88
2.9.1 Introductory remarks / 88
2.9.2 Metaphorical innovations in the English language of computer science /88
2.9.3 Brief discussion on English semantic loans and loan translations in the Polish language of computer science / 91
2.10 Concluding remarks / 95
Chap t e r 3: The corpus of informal Polish of computer users: General description / 97
3.1 Introduction / 97
3.2 Priority of Internet texts / 98
3.3 Definition and types of corpora / 103
3.4 The description of the present corpus / 107
3.4.1 General information / 107
3.4.2 Corpus compilation / 109
3.4.3 The size / 110
3.4.4 The structure of the corpus / 110
3.4.5 The respondents / 111
3.4.6 The status of the language of the corpus / 112
3.4.7 The level of formality of the texts / 114
3.5 Research questions / 116
3.6 Concluding comments / 117
Chapter 4: The analysis of semantic loans and loan translations found in the corpus / 119
4.1 Introduction / 119
4.2 The methodology / 119
4.3 Problems connected with corpus analysis / 121
4.4 The format of the description / 124
4.5 The analysis of semantic loans and loan translations / 128
4.5.1 Introductory remarks / 128
4.5.2 Single-word loan translations and loan renditions / 129
4.5.3 Loan translations and loan renditions not connected with a semantic loan / 130
4.5.4 Semantic loans with or without simultaneous loan translations and renditions / 136
4.6 Concluding comments / 266
Chapter 5: Conclusions / 267
5.1 Introduction / 267
5.2 Semantic loans found in the corpus: Statistical analysis / 267
5.3 L oan translations and renditions found in the corpus: Statistical analysis / 281
5.4 C oncluding comments / 285
Appendix 1: Internet forums included in the corpus / 287
Appendix 2: Semantic loans, loan translations, and loan renditions in context / 291
Appendix 3: Semantic borrowings found in the corpus / 321
Bibliography / 327
Index of names / 357
Subject index / 363
Streszczenie / 367
Zusammenfassung / 369
Introduction / 9
Chapter1: Electronic varieties: Internet communication and Internet forums / 13
1.1 Introduction / 13
1.2 Language variation: Register, dialect, sociolect, genre, and style / 14
1.2.1 Definitions of the terms / 14
1.2.2 Components of register description / 16
1.3 The notion of Internet language and Internet communication / 18
1.3.1 Types of Internet communication / 18
1.3.2 General features of Internet language / 19
1.3.3 Linguistic features of Internet communication / 22
1.4 Situational description of Internet forums / 25
1.5 Concluding comments / 28
Chapter 2: Semantic loans, loan translations, and loan renditions: Theoretical considerations / 29
2.1 Introduction / 29
2.2 Semantic loans: Theoretical aspects / 30
2.2.1 Introductory comments /30
2.2.2 Semantic loans and semantic neologisms: Definitions and general characteristics / 30
2.2.3 Semantic loans: Examples of terminological confusion / 35
2.2.4 Semantic loans: Types of semantic change according to the direction of the semantic modification / 37
2.2.5 Semantic loans: Types of semantic change according to the składnik Affected / 39
2.2.6 The influence of semantic loans on the existing system / 40
2.3 Loan translations: Theoretical aspects / 42
2.3.1 Introductory comments / 42
2.3.2 Loan translations: Definitions / 43
2.3.3 Loan translations: Classification / 45
2.4 Problems connected with the identification of semantic loans and loan Translations / 50
2.4.1 Introductory comments / 50
2.4.2 Distinguishing between semantic loans and native semantic innovations / 51
2.4.3 Distinguishing between semantic loans and lexical re-borrowings / 54
2.4.4 Distinguishing between loan translations and native phrasal innovations / 56
2.4.5 Distinguishing between semantic loans and loan translations / 59
2.4.6 Distinguishing between loan translations and loan renditions / 63
2.4.7 The status of loan creations / 66
2.4.8 Distinguishing between loanblends (semi-calques) and hybrids /67
2.4.9 Distinguishing between loan translations or loanblends and lexical borrowings / 69
2.5 The emergence of semantic loans and loan translations / 70
2.6 The reasons for introducing semantic loans and loan translations / 73
2.7 Normative assessment of semantic loans and loan translations / 77
2.8 English semantic loans and loan translations in Polish / 80
2.8.1 General observations / 80
2.8.2 English semantic loans and loan translations in Polish: Literature review / 82
2.9 English semantic loans and loan translations in the Polish language of computer science / 88
2.9.1 Introductory remarks / 88
2.9.2 Metaphorical innovations in the English language of computer science /88
2.9.3 Brief discussion on English semantic loans and loan translations in the Polish language of computer science / 91
2.10 Concluding remarks / 95
Chap t e r 3: The corpus of informal Polish of computer users: General description / 97
3.1 Introduction / 97
3.2 Priority of Internet texts / 98
3.3 Definition and types of corpora / 103
3.4 The description of the present corpus / 107
3.4.1 General information / 107
3.4.2 Corpus compilation / 109
3.4.3 The size / 110
3.4.4 The structure of the corpus / 110
3.4.5 The respondents / 111
3.4.6 The status of the language of the corpus / 112
3.4.7 The level of formality of the texts / 114
3.5 Research questions / 116
3.6 Concluding comments / 117
Chapter 4: The analysis of semantic loans and loan translations found in the corpus / 119
4.1 Introduction / 119
4.2 The methodology / 119
4.3 Problems connected with corpus analysis / 121
4.4 The format of the description / 124
4.5 The analysis of semantic loans and loan translations / 128
4.5.1 Introductory remarks / 128
4.5.2 Single-word loan translations and loan renditions / 129
4.5.3 Loan translations and loan renditions not connected with a semantic loan / 130
4.5.4 Semantic loans with or without simultaneous loan translations and renditions / 136
4.6 Concluding comments / 266
Chapter 5: Conclusions / 267
5.1 Introduction / 267
5.2 Semantic loans found in the corpus: Statistical analysis / 267
5.3 L oan translations and renditions found in the corpus: Statistical analysis / 281
5.4 C oncluding comments / 285
Appendix 1: Internet forums included in the corpus / 287
Appendix 2: Semantic loans, loan translations, and loan renditions in context / 291
Appendix 3: Semantic borrowings found in the corpus / 321
Bibliography / 327
Index of names / 357
Subject index / 363
Streszczenie / 367
Zusammenfassung / 369
